Post-Mating Mefepronic acid treatment has no effect on Progesterone levels and fertility in early lactating ewes during the non-breeding season
This study aimed to assess the effects of post–mating treatment with mefepronic acid on serum P4 concentrations and reproductive parameters in early lactating Merino ewes during the non–breeding season. A total of 92 Merino ewes, 40-50 days (d) postpartum, were treated with an intravaginal sponge containing 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate for duration of 7 d during the non–breeding season. On the day the sponge was removed (d 7), an injection of 500 IU eCG was administered. The mated ewes were then randomly divided into two groups: a control group and a treatment group. In the treatment group (MA) (n=28), ewes received an intramuscular injection of 10 mg·kg-1 mefepronic acid on d 9 post–mating. In the control group (n=27), the ewes did not receive any drug treatment on d 9 post–mating. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences (P>0.05) between the Control Group and MA Group in pregnancy rates (33.3% and 39.2%), early fetal mortality rates (22.2% and 18.2), lambing rates (77.8 and 81.8%), twin rates (0 and 33.4%) and litter sizes (1.0 and 1.44). The P4 concentration on d 11 post–mating in the MA group (2.74 ng·mL-1) was not significantly different from that of the control group (3.16 ng·mL-1) (P>0.05). It is concluded that post–mating mefepronic acid treatment did not improve the P4 and fertility in early lactating Merino ewes during the non–breeding season.
The effects of anti-galactagogue (sage, parsley extract) and anti-inflammatory (echinacea extract) feed supplements on prolactin levels and fertility in the re-pregnancy of lactating Merino ewes
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of anti-galactagogue (sage, parsley extract) and anti-inflammatory (echinacea extract) feed supplements on prolactin levels and fertility in the re-pregnancy of lactating Merino ewes. Eighty ewes were randomly assigned to one of two groups: control and treatment. In treatment group (Stop Lactin) group (n = 40) ewes were treated with Stop Lactin® 60 ml on day 0 orally by syringe. The control group (Control) (n = 40), ewes were not treated with any anti-galactagogue feed supplements. On day 0, a vaginal sponge containing 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate was inserted for seven days. On day 7, all ewes received an intramuscular injection of 500 IU PMSG. The study results indicated no statistically significant differences between the Control group and Stop Lactin group in terms of conception rates (87.2% and 78.1%), late embryonic-early fetal mortality rate (20.6% and 8.0%), lambing rate (79.4% and 92%), twin rate (29.6% and 13.0%) and litter size (1.30 and 1.13). Estrus rates (97.5% and 82.1%, p = 0.050) tended to be higher and pregnancy rates (85.0% and 64.1%, p = 0.037) was found to be significant in the control group compared to the Stop Lactin group. The effect of treatment (P = 0.209) on serum prolactin levels and the interaction between treatment × day (P = 0.874) were both found to be insignificant. It is concluded that anti-galactagogue and anti-inflammatory feed supplements did not reduce prolactin concentration and did not improve fertility in lactating Merino ewes.
The Effects of Carazolol Injection During Mating Following Progestagen Administration on Conception Rate in Lactating Lacaune Ewes
The aim of the present study was to determine the the effects of carazolol injection during mating following progestagen + eCG administration on conception rate in breeding season Lacaune ewes. Sixty-two Lacaune ewes were used in the study. On day 0, an intravaginal sponge containing 20 mg flugestone acetate was inserted and left in place for 10 days. On day 10, the sponges were removed, and each ewe received an intramuscular injection of eCG at a dose of 480 IU. Ewes in estrus were mated with a proven rams (ewe:ram ratio of 5:1). Fifty-nine mated ewes were randomly assigned into two groups: control and treatment. In the carazolol group (n = 30), ewes received an intramuscular injection of carazolol (0.01 mg/kg; Simpanorm, Fatro, Italy) on the day of estrus,post-mating. In the control group (n = 29), ewes were not administered any treatment. Pregnancy diagnosis was conducted in all ewes on days 30 and 60 post-mating using transabdominal ultrasonography with a Hitachi EUB-405 device equipped with a 3.5 MHz convex probe. The estrus rate, conception rate, total pregnancy rate, and early fetal death rate were evaluated across all groups. The study results indicated no statistically significant differences between the control group and the carazolol group regarding conception rates (62.1% vs. 66.7%) and total pregnancy rates (79.3% vs. 83.3%). In addition, as a result of repeated ultrasound examinations, no early fetal death was found in the study. In conclusion, carazolol injection during mating following progestagen + eCG administration did not increase on fertility in breeding season Lacaune ewes.
Assessment of Veterinarians’ Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Bovine Mastitis
The aim of this study was to obtain information on the approach of veterinarians to mastitis cases. It was conducted among clinical veterinarians in the Ereğli district of Konya province, which is located in central Türkiyeand covers an area of 2,260 km². In this study, data were collected from surveys conducted with 52 veterinary clinics randomly selected from a total of 60 clinics in the Ereğli district of Konya province. Participants were asked to indicate their level ofknowledge regarding the use of antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the diagnosis and treatment of mastitis, as well as their colleagues’ use of these drugs. Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated by using Python language, whereas the graphs were plotted by using Excel, Python and R language. Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact Test and Friedman test were used as inferential statistics. Fisher’s Exact Test was applied to evaluate the association between categorical variables. In this study, veterinarians reported diagnosing mastitis in dairy animals primarily based on clinical findings (34%) and the California Mastitis Test (CMT) (31%). Fluid therapy (27%) and frequent milking (24%) were commonly mentioned as alternative management methods. Clinical indications (37%) were identified as the main factor influencing their selection of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Most respondents rated their own and their colleagues’ knowledge of antibiotics and NSAIDs as good or very good. Beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones were the most frequently preferred antibiotics, with professional experience cited as the primary source of information for prescribing decisions. In conclusion, effective prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of mastitis rely heavily on enhancing the knowledge and experience levels of veterinarians, as well as ensuring the appropriateness of the protocols followed. In mastitis diagnosis, the use of tests to isolate the causative agent and promote targeted treatments is crucial for both reducing treatment durations and mitigating the risk of antimicrobial resistance. Achieving these objectives requires not only legislative measures but also investments in improving the necessary infrastructure and support systems.
Analyzing human breath for pharmacokinetics
There are many variations of passages of Lorem Ipsum available, but the majority have suffered alteration in some form, by injected humour, or randomised words
The Biochemistry of Prenatal Genetic Testing
There are many variations of passages of Lorem Ipsum available, but the majority have suffered alteration in some form, by injected humour, or randomised words
The Biochemistry of Prenatal Genetic Testing
There are many variations of passages of Lorem Ipsum available, but the majority have suffered alteration in some form, by injected humour, or randomised words
Analyzing human breath for pharmacokinetics
There are many variations of passages of Lorem Ipsum available, but the majority have suffered alteration in some form, by injected humour, or randomised words
The Biochemistry of Prenatal Genetic Testing
There are many variations of passages of Lorem Ipsum available, but the majority have suffered alteration in some form, by injected humour, or randomised words
Analyzing human breath for pharmacokinetics
There are many variations of passages of Lorem Ipsum available, but the majority have suffered alteration in some form, by injected humour, or randomised words